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Oklahoma radar in motion2/3/2024 Aircraft flying in the vicinity of Cb clouds may experience electrical disturbances effecting communications and navigation systems. Moderate to Severe icing can be expected, especially in the higher levels of the cloud. These can be particularly hazardous to aircraft on take-off or landing. Strong surface winds, variable in direction and strength, are common at surface level in the vicinity of the Cb. The interaction between strong updrafts and strong downdrafts causes wind shear and severe turbulence within the cloud. Vertical movement within a Cb can be as much as 50kt. As with orographic lift, the Cb cells form in a line along the front, frequently embedded within wider frontal cloud, therefore presenting a challenge to aircraft trying to navigate through the front. Caused when a weather front forces the air upwards. Such storms often form in a line along the ground feature and are therefore more challenging to avoid than single cells. These storms form when a general flow of moist unstable air passes over higher terrain, such as a ridge line or mountain range. Caused by rising ground forcing the air upwards ( Orographic Lift). The storms are usually single Cb cells rather than clusters of cells and so can generally be avoided by flying around them. Thunderstorms of this type are a daily occurrence in many areas of the tropics. This type of Cb commonly forms in the late afternoon after the peak diurnal heating. Caused by heating of the layer of air close to the surface. The downdraft is the rainy area to the right. The updraft is the large cloud mass at the center of the photo. The way in which a Cb develops is covered in a separate article: Lifecycle of the Thunderstorm.Ĭumulonimbus cloud in central Oklahoma. Rising ground forcing the air upwards (orographic uplift).Heating of the layer of air close to the surface.A trigger mechanism must cause the warm moist air to rise:.There must be a deep layer of unstable air. The Cumulonimbus cloud (Cb) forms when three conditions are met: The mature Cumulonimbus cloud has a distinctive flat, anvil shaped top. Cumulonimbus is a heavy and dense cloud of considerable vertical extent in the form of a mountain or huge tower, often associated with heavy precipitation, lightning and thunder.
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